Part1
A
A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列
Accelerate=speed up加速
Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成
Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就
Attend=participate in 参加
Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得
Aim.n=objective=goal 目的
Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调
Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作
Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约
As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而
Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联
Attach to=connect to=link to与……相连接、附着在……上
At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地
B
Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似
Be used to=be devoted to专门用于
Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于
Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊
C
Calculate=measure 衡量
Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐
Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的
Chronic=long term 慢性病的
Concern n. =focus关心的问题
Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解
Confront=encounter=in the face of面临
Consist of=comprise由什么组成
Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for导致
Cooperate with=work with 与……协作
Convert to=turn into 转为、转变为
D
Distract from= can not concentrate 使精力分散
Diminish=decrease=shrink 减少
Distinct=distinguish=different=unique不同的
Distinct variety of =different kind of=separate kind of不同的
Due to=because of由于
Drawback=defect=ill缺点
E
Endanger=threaten 威胁
Engage in=participate in=join in 参与
Establish=set up建立
Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育
Emphasize=stress 强调 （v）
Embark upon=start=launch开始
Enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate启蒙、给予知识
Exceptional=extremely 特别（特别好）
F
Fail to do=failure to do=can not do没有能够做
Fault=flaw=defect错误
Form=shape=mould形成
Foundation=basis基础
Finance=sponsor=fund 提供赞助（金钱）
Free=release=set free释放
Frequently=often 经常
G
Great milestone=impact=effect=influence对……具有很重要的影响力
Grant=give授予
Gas=petrol石油
H
Halt=stop=hamper(v.) 阻止、使停滞
Hurdle=barrier(n.) 阻碍
I
Identical=the same一模一样
Imitate=impersonate模仿
Incline to do=tend to do倾向于做某事
Indicate=show=suggest=signify=identify表明
In reaction to=respond to 对……起反应
K
Key (a.)=important=significant=crucial=essential=play a vital/ an important part/role in重要的，关键的
Key (n.)=approach=means=method=technique方法
L
Likelihood=possibility可能性
M
Master=grasp 掌握
Match sth to=assign sth to把……和……搭配起来
Misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view错误的理解
Modify=change=alter修改、改变
N
Nature=character=characteristics本质、特点
Novel a.=fresh=new=up to date 新潮的、创新的
Numerous= a number of 许多
O
Owing to=thanks to =contribute to多亏……，有赖于……
P
Preserve=store 储存
Prevailing=popular=prevalent 盛行的
Present day=modern society 现代社会、现在时代
Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bring about=result=breed激发、产生
Provide=offer 提供
Protect A from B =shelter A from B 使A不受B的侵害
Q
Questionnaire=survey 问卷调查
R
Rely on=depend on 依靠……
Remarkable=extraordinary 特别突出的（好的事物）
Replace=take the place of 取代
Resemble=like=as像
S
Significance=importance 重要性
State=Situation=circumstance 状况,状态,情形
Striking=noticeable值得注意地
Struggle for=strive for 努力地争取
Substantial=considerable 相当可观的
Success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development成功、成就
Surprising=unexpectedly uncommon令人吃惊的
T
Tale=story=fairytale 故事
Talent=gift 天赋
Turn to=consult 寻求帮助、求助于
U
Unbiased=without prejudice 无立场、不带任何偏见的
Up to=depend on/upon=rely on 由……决定
Universal=popular普遍
V
Virtue=advantage=strength 优点好处
W
Work out=figure out=reckon 计算出、作出
Part 2
A
A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群
A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列
Accelerate=speed up加速
Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成
Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就
Attend=participate in 参加
Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得
Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体
Aim (.n)=objective=goal 目的
Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调
An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列
Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作
Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约
Appreciation=interest 欣赏
As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而
As well as=and和
As well=too也
Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联
Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上
At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地
Automatically ensure=guarantee确保
B
Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似
Be used to=be devoted to专门用于
Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于
Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊
Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地
C
Calculate=measure 衡量
Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐
Chief=major=dominant（统治的、突出的）=principle主要的
Chronic=long term 慢性病的
Complain=illness 病症
Concern n. =focus关心的问题
Concern v. =about 与……有关
Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解
Condition=regulate 调节
Confront=encounter=in the face of面临
Concern = care关心
Consist of=comprise由什么组成
Concur（同意、同时发生） with sb=agree with sb 同意某人
Contaminate=pollute=poison 污染
Contend（声称、主张）=assert=claim断言
Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for导致
Cooperate with=work with 与……协作
Convert to=turn into 转为、转变为
Crop up=crop out=come up 出现
D
Degenerated=underdeveloped退化
Distract from= can not concentrate 使精力分散
Deadly=fateful 致命的
Diminish=decrease=shrink 减少
Distort（歪曲） reality=far from reality=dishonest不真实的
Distinction=difference=dissimilarrity 不同之处
Distinct=distinguish=different=unique不同的
Distinct variety of =different kind of=separate kind of不同的
Distinguish=tell辨别
Due to=because of由于
Drawback=defect=ill缺点
E
Eat=feed 喂食，进食
Endanger=threaten 威胁
Engage in=participate in=join in 参与
Establish=set up建立
Establish=find out=figure out=work out查明
Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育
Emphasize=stress 强调
（v）
Embark（乘船、装载） upon=start=launch开始
Enlighten=illuminate=instruct=educate启蒙、给予知识
Entire=whole 全部
Exceptional=extremely 特别（特别好）
F
Fail to do=failure to do=can not do没有能够做
Far from=not at all根本不
Fault=flaw=defect错误
Form=shape=mould形成
Foundation=basis基础
Finance=sponsor=fund 提供赞助（金钱）
Free=release=set free释放
Frequently=often 经常
G
Great milestone=impact=effect=influence对……具有很重要的影响力
Grant=give授予
Gas=petrol石油
H
Hold=harbor=embrace拥有
Halt=stop=hamper (v.) 阻止、使停滞
Hurdle=barrier (n.) 阻碍
I
Identical=the same一模一样
Imitate=impersonate模仿
Incline to do=tend to do倾向于做某事
Indicate=show=suggest=signify=identify表明
Identify=recognize鉴别
In reaction to=respond to 对……起反应
Interpret=illustrate解释
Introduce to=import to引入
K
Key (adj.) =significant=crucial=essential=play a vital/ an important part/role in重要关键的
Key (n.)=approach=means=method=technique方法
L
Likelihood=possibility可能性
Link-up=connection 联系
M
Master=grasp 掌握
Match sth to=assign sth to把……和……搭配起来
Misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view错误的理解
Modify=change=alter修改、改变
Manifestation=demonstration 显示、表明
N
Nature=character=characteristics本质、特点
Non-toxic= less poisonous=safe 无毒的、安全的
Novel a.=fresh=new=up to date 新潮的、创新的
Numerous= a number of 许多
O
Owing to=thanks to =contribute to多亏……，有赖于……
P
Pattern=format形式，模式
Pattern=design图案
Pore over=study 研究
Poisonous=toxic 有毒的
Portray=describe描写塑造(v.)
Portrait=description描写塑造(n.)
Preserve=store 储存
Prevailing=popular=prevalent 盛行的
Present day=modern society 现代社会、现在时代
Prodigious effort=enormous effort重大的努力
Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bring about=result=breed=spawn激发、产生
Provide=offer 提供
Protect A from B =shelter A from B 使A不受B的侵害
Q
Questionnaire=survey 问卷调查
R
Readily=easily=accessible 容易地
Reflect=consider考虑
Relate to=understand=appreciate理解
Rely on=depend on 依靠……
Remarkable=extraordinary 特别突出的（好的事物）
Replace=take the place of 取代
Residue=remains=relics=relicts=ruins剩余物、废墟
Resemble=like=as像
S
Show=reflect表现
Significance=importance 重要性
State=Situation=circumstance 状况,状态,情形
Striking=noticeable值得注意地
Struggle for=strive for 努力地争取
Substantial=considerable 想当可观的
Success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development成功、成就
Surprising=unexpectedly uncommon令人吃惊的
T
Take to=be used to=get used to 对……习惯
Tale=story=fairytale 故事
Talent=gift 天赋
Tuition=formal teaching正式的学校教育
Turn to=consult 寻求帮助、求助于
Toxic=poisonous 有毒的
U
Unbiased=without prejudice 无立场、不带任何偏见的
Up to=depend on/upon=rely on 由……决定
Universal=popular普遍
V
Virtue=advantage=strength 优点好处
W
Work out=figure out=reckon 计算出、作出
1
1. Concern with = relate to 与有关
2. grow= increase= rise
3. Under the title=name
4. tend to do sth = plane to do sth/ want to do sth
5. be associated with = be connected with = be linked to 与…有关联
6. approach = method = way = key
7. establish= found = set up
8. offer sb sth =supply sb with sth =provide sb with sth= grant
9. argument= disagreement work = masterpiece 著作
10. contract = agreement合同，合约
11. chaos = mess 混乱
12. help sb with = assist sb in doing sth=reach a hand to sb帮助某人作某事
13. draw from = take from
14. competitor= rival
15. intensely= extremely = very
16. establishment = organization
17. no= without = have no 没有
18. monument= landmark里程碑
19. leading = outstanding
20. recognize as = look/assume as
21. concentrate on = focus on
22. achievement =success
2
1. dislike=distaste `test = examine
2. effect= impact=influence from…to = range from…to…
3. ignore = neglect `as per=according to
4. unfold= carry on `be reluctant to do=reject=refuse
5. before = prior to `analyze=closely examine
6. predict = estimate =anticipate obey= abide by = comply with
7. account for= explain= elucidate=illustrate in essence = in fact=indeed
8. discrepancy=difference=shade forgo=give up
9. context /circumstance/situation `occur=happen
10. radical different=extremely different put another way=in other words
11. sort out= find out= figure out plausible = reasonable
12. fear=worry pollute = contaminate
13. predict= anticipate=forecast overstate = exaggerate
14. in great number of = in _____ number of actually=indeed
15. disappear= extinct灭绝 seem to do =assume to do
16. solve = cope with=deal with解决 accelerate = speed up
17. impact = effect =influence response to = react to
18. opinion poll= survey reason = factor 原因、因素
19. entitle= name
overwhelming=dominant
20. field =domain 学科领域域 oppose=against
21. for example=such as=for instance=say altruistic=non-selfish
22. lead to=result in 导致 extremely=seriously 严重地
23. perception = view 观点、看法 association=society协会
24. encounter with = face=confront面对 postpone to=delay
25. pressing=urgent紧急、急迫 measure=solution=method解决方法
26. key=crucial =significant=importmant detect=examine
27. but=yet enormous importance=great/significant
28. launch=start derive from = get from
29. revert to= get back to distinction=identity
30. immense =great in the domain of=in the field of
31. couple with = along with amass dollar=accumulate dollar
32. essential feature = principle seize=grasp
33. innovative=fresh drab=dull/single
34. entirely=totally be restricted to=be limited to
35. needs=demand considerable=substantial
36. dub=call=name reflex=reaction/response
37. result from=originate from be critical for = be important to
38. demanding=difficult
retune=adjust
39. seek for =search for outlook=view
40. figure out = find out track=follow
41. in response to=respond to = react to trigger=produce
42. prominence=importance revolution=invention
43. in relation to= in association with
society = association
44. treatise=work feature=characteristics
45. commercial exploitation =commercialize do with=due to=because of
46. objective = impersonal=impartial foster=develop
47. account=explanation=illustration substantial=consider=enough
48. be acknowledged=be realized pilot program=trial program
49. configuration=structure phenomenal=surprising
50. make stride=make progress regardless of=despite of
51. perpetuate=keep=maintain access to sth=get sth
52. vital importance=extremely important induce=encourage
53. rest=deposit
artificial=manmade
54. make a comeback=return=re-enter big=popular
55. ignite=trigger a field of=a domain of
56. encompass=unify imply=indicate
57. breakthrough=milestone around the corner=is coming
58. materialize=realize tide=trend
59. agency=organization reckon=deem
60. approach=method spot=find out
61. boost=promote prospect=future
62. feature=portray elusive=pessimistic
63. match up to sth=equal with impressive=great impact=effect=influence fragile=vulnerable
64. indigenous people=native people tend to=look after
65. undermine=destroy=damage inevitable=unavoidable
66. renaissance=revive for instance=for example
67. operate=run regardless=in spite of
68. failure=incident rare=unusually
69. tension=pressure compression=pressure
70. prime=get ready to do inclusion=impurity
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